Baldwin, Shauna Singh. “A Disturbing Tale About the Limits of Language.” National Post, vol. 7, no. 205, CanWest Interactive Inc, 2005, p. WP12–.

• Shauna Singh Baldwin brings in knowledge about the pressures and roles people have within the Indian and Indo-American culture and the difficulties that not knowing a language imposes on people, in the direct context of The Hungry Tide. Provides accurate historical context. 

Chaudhuri, Supriya. “Translating Loss: Place and Language in Amitav Ghosh and Salman Rushdie.” Etudes Anglaises, vol. 62, no. 3, 2009, pp. 266–79, https://doi.org/10.3917/etan.623.0266.

• This article focuses on comparing two different novels, one of them being Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide and translating languages. Supriya Chaudhuri focuses on the characters Nirmal, Piya, Kanai, and Nilima and how their spoken and unspoken language go hand in hand. There is a social and cultural history relevant to translating language. Big emphasis on the issue being representation when it comes to translation.

 Huttunen, Thomas. “Language and Ethics in The Hungry Tide by Amitav Ghosh.” Full: In (pp. 121-32) Sankaran, 2012, p. 121–.

• Thomas Huttunen looks at how language has the power to “represent emotions and…[that] these functions of language are in The Hungry Tide partly replaced by bodily gestures, like facial expressions and touching, as well as by a kind of transcendental mode of contact that exists beyond discourse” (Huttunen 123). He examines closely Piya’s interactions with Fokir, Kanai and Fokir, as well as the position of power Kanai is in when he acts as the translator between Piya and Fokir.

Sankaran, Chitra. History, Narrative, and Testimony in Amitav Ghosh’s Fiction. State University of New York Press, 2012.

• This article discusses Ghosh’s use of the English language in his writing of Indian things, and how it is “the language of the imperialist, and that it continues to maintain its imperial dominance at the expense of other languages” (Talib 133). As the author of the novel, Ghosh himself took on the role of translator when he wrote the novel. He stated he “felt that he was ‘translating’ the novel from Bengali into English” (Talib 135). Also looks at the characters’ relationship with language (Piya, Kanai, Moyna, and Fokir).

  Tasnim, Zakiyah. “Transformation of English Language in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide.” Advances in Language and Literary Studies, vol. 9, no. 3, 2018, p. 145–, https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.3p.145.

• This author brings in a viewpoint of an African author who wrote in English, but widened its scope as a language to carry out his African experience. Then Ghosh is connected as someone who accomplishes the same thing in his English writing of Indian events. Dives into the argument by looking at Piya, Fokir, and Kanai and the silent and spoken language. Ghosh’s use of Bengali words, some without translation, is meant to be understood within the context of the text. 

Pradittatsanee, Darin. “Conditionality, Non-Self, and Non-Attachment in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide: A Buddhist Reading.” Manusya : Journal of Humanities, vol. 2018, no. 2, 2018, pp. 1–26, https://doi.org/10.1163/26659077-02102001.

This paper’s main focus is on the perception of The Hungry Tide from the view of a Buddhist monk. He explains the state of impermanence, non-self and conditionality are present with hoe Ghosh presents Sunbarbans

Kalaiarasan, M., and R. Sowmiyalatha. “Trans-Cultural Communication in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide.” Language in India, vol. 19, no. 7, 2019, p. 323–.

This paper focuses on Ghosh’s use of human identity and cultural communication through human relationships. 

Bite, Vishwanath. “Restoration of Human Spirit in The Hungry Tide of Amitav Ghosh.” The Criterion: An International Journal in English, vol 3, issue 3, 2012. https://www.the-criterion.com/V3/n3/Raja.pdf

This paper’s main focus is on how the country breaks down the barriers of his characters and their society. Ghosh’s idea of erosion of barriers is a recurring theme with the inclusion of both worlds differing from each other. 

Zagade, Sanjay. “Issues of Identity in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide” INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MULTIFACETED AND MULTILINGUAL STUDIES, vol 1 issue 1, 2014. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Sanjay-Zagade/publication/344787388_Issues_of_Identity_in_Amitav_Ghosh%27s_The_Hungry_Tide/links/5f906019a6fdccfd7b724a39/Issues-of-Identity-in-Amitav-Ghoshs-The-Hungry-Tide.pdf 

This paper focus on the barrier between the world that Kanai and Piya knows against the 

Sundarbans. The setting is not just a place but also described as a living being that clashes with both society and the characters. 

P.Pradeep, and Dr.R.Roli Reddy. “AMITAV GHOSH’S THE HUNGRY TIDE ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF CULTURAL DISLODGMENT” Research Journal of English Language and Literature, vol 5, issue 3, 2017. http://www.rjelal.com/5.3.17/199-206%20P.PRADEEP.pdf 

This paper focuses on how Ghosh portrays the conflict between two differing cultures through Kanai, Piya and Fokir. He explains how culture is not an obstruction of one’s goals. Furthermore, he says Ghosh advocates for a world devoid of caste or hierarchy structure. This paper on Ghosh’s perception on cultural intersection as the peak of human accomplishment. 

Appleton, Nayantara Sheoran, and Danya Glabau. “Critical Engagements on Making Kin Not Population: An Epistolary Review Essay.” American Anthropologist, 2022, https://doi.org/10.1111/aman.13780.

• Overall essay raises and addresses concerns with Haraway’s piece relating specifically to the population control aspect. This is one of the less “traditional” papers I read, which at first I was a little wary of, but don’t believe it strays too far as to be “radical”. I believe having a paper that is “non-traditional” can also be beneficial to my topic which deals with “traditional” family/relations/power dynamics and viewing them in re-imagined ways as presented in the novels included.

Clausen, Daniel D. “Cli-Fi Georgic and Grassroots Mutual Aid in Octavia Butler’s Parable of the Sower.” Western American Literature, vol. 56 no. 3, 2021, p. 269-286. Project MUSE, doi:10.1353/wal.2021.0040.

• Clausen’s application of mutual aid to Parable of the Sower makes for a good application to the idea of making kin. There is the belief that everyone in the community is able to contribute something different and valuable to each other’s lives and in doing so everyone is playing a role in each other’s upbringing and growth. One of the important ideas is that this isn’t charity, but that it is something that everyone benefits from. As shown in Parable of the Sower and Talents, people are given a choice to be a part of the community and participate in this way that is beneficial to all. It is also worth noting that while they aren’t being coerced to join, the other options are almost certain death or slavery.

Guerrero, Paula Barba. “Post-Apocalyptic Memory Sites: Damaged Space, Nostalgia, and Refuge in Octavia Butler’s Parable of the Sower.” Science-Fiction Studies, vol. 48, no. 1, 2021, p. 29–45.

• Guerrero argues that nostalgia is used by Butler as a tool to analyze the past to create an improved future. Guerro argues that Lauren’s view of family and home is different than her parents and that this becomes the main catalyst for change. The main reason Lauren’s views differ is largely because of social and political imbalances that lead to an uneven displacement of power that leads to generational trauma. Guerrero’s arguments will play a role in my argument to help reimagine Haraway’s “making kin” in terms of new family and community relations.

Haraway, Donna.  “Anthropocene, Capitalocene, Plantationocene, Chthulucene: Making Kin.” Environmental Humanities, vol. 6, 2015.

• Haraway’s idea of “making kin” will be the main idea I focus on and use to look at other pieces. I will look at how her idea of “make kin not population” can be viewed as oppressive, but will look at less oppressive examples presented in Butler’s Parable series and Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide.

Laurie, Timothy, and Hannah Stark. “Reconsidering Kinship: Beyond the Nuclear Family with Deleuze and Guattari.” Cultural studies review 18, no. 1 (2012): 19–39. https://doi.org/10.5130/csr.v18i1.1612.

• While I would have really liked to use this piece, I don’t feel I have a complete grasp over the ideas of Deleuze and Guattari especially with regards to Anti-Oedipus. I think some of the ideas could lend themselves well to the ideas of kin-making presented in all of the novels we read this semester, but might just have to put a pin in using these ideas for now.

Leitch, Vincent B., et al. The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism. Edited by Vincent B. Leitch et al., Third edition., W.W. Norton & Company, 2018.

• Excerpt from Deleuze and Guattari’s A Thousand Plateaus: Capitalism and Schizophrenia introduction of the rhizome is what originally sparked my idea of looking at Haraway’s idea of “making kin” in a less oppressive and anti-hierarchical manner. I don’t believe I will be using anything specifically from this piece as my knowledge on the subject is still limited and I had difficulty finding related articles to the texts covered in class.

Miller, Jim. “Post-Apocalyptic Hoping: Octavia Butler’s Dystopian/Utopian Vision.” Science Fiction Studies, vol. 25, no. 2, 1998, pp. 336–60. https://www.jstor.org/stable/4240705.

• I will be using Miller’s section on Sower. He talks about the power of fiction to help us reimagine a future for ourselves through Butler’s critique of capitalism. Some of his ideas go well with the idea of mutual aid that Clausen talks about. Here, Earthseed goes beyond the good for just the nuclear family and talks about the communities responsibility for looking after the children. I believe community is a central tenet to creating kinship.I think another crucial aspect of kin-making as presented by Butler is not the restriction of population, but an emphasis on the role the community plays in all children’s upbringing.

Prabhu, Gayathri (2015). Retelling Nature: Realism and the Postcolonial-Environmental Imaginary in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide. Transnational Literature, 7(2), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.5621/sciefictstud.48.1.0029

• This calls to question what is the relationship between people and animals. Piya’s western morals conflict with Fokir’s which creates a chasm between the two. How and if this chasm is felt by Fokir is largely unknown to the reader, but Piya feels that her ideals are more righteous in this situation, which shows her initial unwillingness to understand the reasoning and way of life of the indigenous people of the Sundarbans. The conflict is because Piya is unable to assert her will and sense of justice upon the situation because she believes she is in the right. This conflict is resolved toward the novel’s final pages when PIya eventually see’s the path to a harmonious and mutually beneficial relationship between her, representing “the west” and the indigenous people of the Sundarbans.

White, Laura A. “Novel Vision: Seeing the Sunderbans through Amitav Ghosh’s ‘The Hungry Tide.’” Interdisciplinary Studies in Literature and Environment, vol. 20, no. 3, 2013, pp. 513–31. https://www.jstor.org/stable/44087261.

• White looks at The Hungry Tides use of “nonvisual” ways of knowing. There is a big emphasis on learning the untold stories of those who are usually voiceless and repressed. There are many different ways to “know” something, but listening to all the ways to know something, in this instance, the Sunderbans, allows for a reimagining and less oppressive way to view relationships between humans and the relationships between humans and nature. I will look at some of these ways this can be used to review Haraway’s “kin-making” especially as Ghosh’s novel draws to a close.

Ghosh, Amitav. The Hungry Tide. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2005.

Griffiths, Gareth, Silenced worlds: Language and experience in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide, Kunapipi, 34(2), 2012.

Sirbu, Anca. “The significance of language as a tool of communication.” Scientific Bulletin” Mircea cel Batran” Naval Academy 18.2 (2015): 405.

Talib, Ismail S. “Ghosh, Language, and The Hungry Tide.” History, Narrative and Testimony in Amitav Ghosh’s Fiction. Ed. Chitra Sankaran (Albany: Suny Press) (2012): 133-44.

Rollason, Christopher. “” In Our Translated World”: Transcultural Communication in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide.” Atlantic literary review 6.1/2 (2005): 86.

As i narrowed down my sources i hav found these articles from google scholar as well as hunters database most relevant. The different findings on language and its importance or insufficiencies within the novel “The hungry tide” by Amitav Ghosh are explored and critiqued, I will use quotes to further prove my argument.

Chakravarty, Urjani. “Exploring Literary Multilingualism in Indian Diasporic Writing.” Forum for World Literature Studies, vol. 10, no. 3, Sept. 2018, pp. 528+. Gale Academic OneFile, link.gale.com/apps/doc/A580598784/AONE?u=cuny_hunter&sid=bookmark-AONE&xid=0a536cc3. Accessed 19 Nov. 2022.

• This source will be useful to prove the effects of multilingualism in writing. More specifically, this text focuses on diasporic writers who adapt language to appeal to their readers. The places in Ghosh’s novel that do include these adaptations of language are there for a reason, they hold a certain purpose that gets across to the reader. This will help me explain why I’m making my argument.

Chaudhuri, Supriya. “Translating Loss: Place and Language in Amitav Ghosh and Salman Rushdie”, Études anglaises, vol. 62, no. 3, 2009, pp. 266-279.

• This article challenges why Ghosh decided to write his novel in English as well as that of another known novelist, Salman Rushdie. The article also digs deeper into the “unspoken languages of the material setting”. This is another aspect of communication that I think is important to include in my paper as the characters in Ghosh’s novel communicate in more ways than just spoken language.

Ghosh, Amitav. The Hungry Tide. Harper Perennial, 2006.

• I’ve subtracted a political science journal that did not contribute to my research question as much as I thought. I think it would have been very hard to attempt to connect my arguments to the source. This new source that I’ve added is simply the novel The Hungry Tide itself because it will be useful to use real examples from the book involving language and communication between the characters in ways other than a shared language.

Sen, Krishna, and Rituparna Roy, editors. “Writing India Anew: Indian English Fiction 2000-2010”. Amsterdam University Press, 2013. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt45kd51. Accessed 19 Nov. 2022.

• This source gives more examples of Indian English fiction writers. There is much praise in this chapter, “Revisiting Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide: The Islam/English Dynamic”, of Ghosh’s writing ability and why it stood the test of time. The author also goes on to say that writing about oppression in India is an act of reparation.

Tasnim, Zakiyah. “Transformation of English Language in Amitav Ghosh’s The Hungry Tide.” Advances in Language and Literary Studies, vol. 9, no. 3, 2018, pp. 145-150. ProQuest, http://proxy.wexler.hunter.cuny.edu/login?url=https://www.proquest.com/scholarly-journals/transformation-english-language-amitav-ghosh-s/docview/2188079590/se-2, doi:https://doi.org/10.7575/aiac.alls.v.9n.3p.145.

• I think this source is the strongest in terms of relation to my research question. It exactly explains the power of language in Ghosh’s characters in The Hungry Tide. Another great point this text makes is the multilingualism that Kanai exhibits is often not sufficient to communicate properly with others. The characters mainly focused on in this article are Fokir, Piya, and Kanai that communicate in both silence and language attempts.